简答题Most of us grow up taking certain things for granted. We tend to assume that experts and religious leaders tell us “the truth”. We tend to believe that things advertised on television or in newspapers can’t be bad for us. However, encouragement of critical thinking in students is one of the goals of most colleges and universities. Few professors require students to share the professors’ own beliefs. In general, professors are more concerned that students learn to question and critically examine the arguments of others, including some of their own beliefs or values. This does not mean that professors insist that you change your beliefs, either. It does mean, however, that professors will usually ask you to support the views you express in class or in your writing. If your premises (前提)are shaky, or if your arguments are not logical, professors personally point out the false reasoning in your arguments. Most professors want you to learn to recognize the premises of your arguments, to examine whether you really accept these premises, and to understand whether or not you draw logical conclusions. Put it this way: Professors don’t tell you what to think; they try to teach you how to think. On the other hand, if you intend to disagree with your professors in class, you should be prepared to offer a strong argument in support of your ideas. Arguing just for the sake of arguing usually does not promote a critical examination of ideas. Many professors interpret it as rudeness. In the first paragraph, the writer tries to tell us that people ____. A、easily accept certain things without a second thought B、grow up through learning certain things in life C、are forming their views during their growth D、have strong beliefs in authorities while getting old简答题Passage Three "Congratulations, Mr. Jones, it's a girl." Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and bring forth a different response from every man who hears these words. Some feel pride when they receive the news, while others worry, wondering whether they will be good fathers. Although there are some men who like children and may have had considerable experience with them, others do not particularly care for children and spend little time with them. Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for some time. For other couples, pregnancy was an accident that both husband and wife have accepted willingly or unwillingly. Whatever the reaction to the birth of a child, it is obvious that the shift from the role of husband to that of father is a difficult task. Yet, unfortunately, few attempts have been made to educate fathers in this reconciliation (协调) process. Although numerous books have been written about American mothers, only recently has literature focused on the role of fathers. It is argued by some writers that the change to the father's role, although difficult, is not nearly as great as the change the wife must take to the mother's role. The mother's role seems to require a complete transformation in daily routine and highly innovative adaptation. On the other hand, the father's role is less demanding and immediate. However, even though we mentioned the fact that growing numbers of women are working outside the home, the father is still thought by many as the breadwinner in the household. From the passage, we learn that fatherhood A、brings a feeling of excitement to most men. B、makes some men feel proud and others uneasy. C、has a different meaning for men who have daughters. D、means a responsibility that men accept unwillingly.简答题Which of the following contributes to the emergence of musical prodigies according to the passage? A、a natural gift. B、Extensive knowledge of music. C、Very early training. D、A prejudice-free society.简答题People celebrate Groundhog Day because __. A、some sweets are provided on Groundhog Day B、more and more people love groundhogs C、the groundhog predicts the beginning of spring D、Punxsutawney Phil is worth respecting简答题Which of the following will the author most probably disagree with? A、It's as difficult to be a father as it is to be a mother. B、More books should focus on the role of fathers. C、The father is still the breadwinner in the household. D、Fathers are as important to children as mothers.简答题Which of the following does not account for young adults returning to the nest? A、Young adults find housing costs too high. B、Young adults are psychologically and intellectually immature. C、Young adults seek parental comfort and moral support. D、Quite a number of young adults attend local schools.简答题What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends? A、 Friends should open their hearts to each other. B、Friends should always be faithful to each other. C、There should be a distance even between friends. D、There should be fewer disputes between friends.简答题According to the text,senior managers use intuition in all of the following ways EXCEPT to ___. A、speed up of the creation of a solution to a problem. B、identify a problem. C、bring together disparate facts. D、stipulate clear goals.简答题What's the most difficult thing for the author? A、How to adjust himself to reality. B、Building up assurance that he can find his place in life. C、Learning to manage his life alone. D、To find a special work that suits the author.简答题Mr.Black said the local bird was an interpreter because __ A、the three Chinese birds didn't know English B、it was different from the Chinese birds C、he was making a joke简答题Passage Four Most damagingly,anger weakens a person’s ability to think clearly and keep control over his behaviour.The angry person loses objectivity in evaluating the emotional significance of the person or situation that arouses his anger. Not everyone experiences anger in the same way;what angers one person may amuse another.The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultural forces.In contemporary culture,physical expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful to be tolerated.We no longer regard duels(决斗)as an appropriate expression of anger resulting from one person’s awareness of insulting behaviour on the part of another. Anger can be identified in the brain,where the electrical activity changes.Under most conditions EEG(脑电图)measures of electrical activity show balanced activity between the right and left prefrontal(额叶前部)areas.Behaviourally this corresponds to the general even-handed disposition(意向)that most of us possess most of the time.But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas aren’t balanced and,as a result of this,we’re likely to react.And our behavioural response to anger is different from our response to other emotions,whether positive or negative. Most positive emotions are associated with approach behaviour:we move closer to people we like.Most negative emotions,in contrast,are associated with avoidance behaviour:we move away from people and things that we dislike or that make us anxious.But anger is an exception to this pattern.The angrier we are,the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger.This corresponds to what psychologists refer to as of ensive anger:the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger.This approach-and-confront behaviour is accompanied by a leftward prefrontal asymmetry(不对称)of EEG activity. Interestingly,this asymmetry lessens if the angry person can experience empathy(同感)towards the individual who is bringing forth the angry response.In defensive anger,in contrast,the EEG asymmetry is directed to the right and the angry person feels helpless in the face of the anger-inspiring situation. What changes can be found in an angry brain? A、Balanced electrical activity can be spotted. B、Unbalanced patterns are found in prefrontal areas. C、Electrical activity corresponds to one’s behaviour. D、Electrical activity agrees with one’s disposition.简答题The advantage of employees having foreign language skills is that they can ________. A、better control the whole negotiation process B、easily find new approaches to meet market needs C、fast-forward their proposals to headquarters D、easily make friends with businesspeople abroad简答题With what subject is the passage mainly concerned? A、the decline of the financial-service industry B、 variety within financial services C、a way making more personal D、increasing everyday banking transaction简答题By 1970, according to a World Wildlife Fund report, only about 4,500 tigers survived throughout the world---half of them inIndia. Mr. Foresters, who followed and counted tiger footprints, estimated that in May 1972 only about 1,800 tigers existed inIndia. Project Tiger Supported by W.W.F. was immediately launched. Nine tiger reserves(保留地) were created, with armed guards protecting them. The project provided opportunities for researchers fromIndiaand abroad to study tigers in the reserves and gather previously unavailable information about their habits. Studies show that a male tiger may control a hunting territory of between 10 and 20 square kilometers, depending on its age, size and strength. The territory of male includes the smaller territories(领地) of three or four tigresses. A tiger marks the boundaries of its territories by spraying urine and other bodily liquids on bushes. But it tries to avoid territorial fights, being guided by the distinctive body smell of other tigers. Tigers fight to death only when a tigress is defending her young, or when a tiger is guarding a tigress from the attentions of other males. The popular image of the tiger is that of a merciless and unconquerable hunter. But studies show that it catches only one of 20 victims it tries to attack. Fears have recently developed that Project Tiger has been too successful. It has enabled the tiger population to double (by mid-80 S), butIndia"s human population has also grown out of control. Currently it is 750 million and likely to be 900 million by the end of the century. Land problem is becoming serious and many rural people feel bitter about the fact that some rich forests are reserved for tigers. A growing number of attacks by tigers on man has added to the hostility. The ultimate aim of Project Tiger is to _____. A、study the growth rate of tigers B、protect tigers from being killed C、 promote the breeding of young tigers D、analyze the behavioral patterns of tigers简答题in “Rivalry between the sexes is fostered.” (paragraph 2), what does “foster” mean? A、decrease B、increase C、form D、defuse简答题What is Paragraph 5 mainly about? A、How Serval found out his kids lied to him. B、Why Serval thought brushing teeth was necessary. C、How Serval taught his kids to brush their teeth. D、What inspired Serval to invent the toothbrush简答题The author is __ when he analyzes the age discrimination issue. A、pessimistic B、partial C、objective D、doubtful简答题How did the test subjects show the caffeine's memory-strengthening effects? A、.By recognizing images they'd seen the previous day. B、By taking the caffeine tablets instead of placebos. C、By identifying the new images as the same. D、By telling the differences between new images.简答题The rapid development of laser techniques means that ______. A、in another ten years we shall be able to cure cancer B、 we shall be capable of treating all the diseases C、patients do not have to suffer any pain D、surgery is likely to improve considerably简答题Passage two The behaviour of a building’s users may be at least as important as its design when it comes to energy use,according to new research from the UK Energy Research Centre(UKERC).The UK promises to reduce its carbon emissions(排放)by 80 percent by 2050,part of which will be achieved by all new homes being zero-carbon by 2016.But this report shows that sustainable building design on its own—though extremely important-is not enough to achieve such reductions:the behaviour of the people using the building has to change too. The study suggests that the ways that people use and live in their homes have been largely ignored by existing efforts to improve energy efficiency(效率)，which instead focus on architectural and technological developments. ‘Technology is going to assist but it is not going to do everything,’explains Katy Janda, a UKERC senior researcher，‘consumption patterns of building users can defeat the most careful design.’In other words，old habits die hard,even in the best-designed eco-home. Another part of the problem is information.Households and bill-payers don’t have the knowledge they need to change their energy-use habits.Without specific information，it’s hard to estimate the costs and benefits of making different choices.Feedback(反馈)facilities,like smart meters and energy monitors，could help bridge this information gap by helping people see how changing their behaviour directly affects their energy use;some studies have shown that households can achieve up to 15 percent energy savings using smart meters. Social science research has added a further dimension(方面)，suggesting that individuals’ behaviour in the home can be personal and cannot be predicted一whether people throw open their windows rather than turn down the thermostat(恒温器),for example. Janda argues that education is the key.She calls for a focused programme to teach people about buildings and their own behaviour in them. The underlined word“which”in Paragraph 2 refers to”________.” A、the ways B、their homes C、developments D、.existing efforts